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Storm Surge
A storm surge is an abnormal rise in sea level caused by a tropical cyclone's strong winds pushing ocean water toward the shore. It can raise water levels by 1 to 6 meters above normal tide levels, flooding low-lying coastal areas within minutes.
The typhoon's extremely low atmospheric pressure causes the sea surface to rise, like a dome of water beneath the storm.
Sustained winds of 100+ km/h push massive volumes of ocean water toward the coastline.
As the surge moves into shallow water, the sea floor forces the water upward, amplifying the wave height dramatically.
The combined surge, waves, and high tide can inundate coastal communities several kilometers inland.
The Philippines is one of the most typhoon-prone countries in the world, experiencing an average of 20 tropical cyclones per year. Storm surge is the deadliest hazard associated with typhoons.
Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), 2013 — Generated a 5-7 meter storm surge in Tacloban, killing over 6,000 people.
Oriental Mindoro's western coast is particularly exposed to surges from typhoons entering through the South China Sea.
Bulalacao's coastal barangays are classified under Storm Surge Advisory (SSA) Zones 1-3, meaning surges of 1-4+ meters are possible.
Know your evacuation route and nearest elevated shelter.
Monitor PAGASA advisories and local DRRMO bulletins.
Prepare an emergency go-bag with water, food, medicines, documents, and flashlight.
Secure your home — board windows, reinforce doors, move valuables to higher floors.
If in a surge-prone zone, evacuate early — do not wait for the typhoon to arrive.
Stay away from the coast and low-lying areas.
Move to higher ground immediately if surge warning is issued.
Never attempt to walk or drive through surge floodwaters.
Stay indoors on upper floors if unable to evacuate.
Listen to emergency broadcasts — do not return until all-clear is given.
Wait for official clearance before returning to coastal areas.
Avoid floodwater — it may be contaminated or hide debris.
Check for structural damage before re-entering buildings.
Report downed power lines and damaged infrastructure to local authorities.
Seek medical attention for injuries sustained during the surge.
Oriental Mindoro • DOST-PAGASA / NOAH Storm Surge Hazard Map
Flood Hazard
Flooding occurs when water overflows onto normally dry land. In the Philippines, it is most commonly caused by heavy rainfall from monsoons and typhoons, overflowing rivers, clogged drainage systems, and rapid surface runoff in deforested or urbanized areas.
Continuous heavy rain from typhoons or the southwest monsoon (Habagat) saturates the ground and overwhelms drainage systems.
Excess runoff causes rivers and streams to exceed their banks, especially in low-lying floodplain areas.
Deforested hillsides and paved surfaces accelerate water flow, sending large volumes downstream rapidly.
High tides combined with storm surge can prevent river water from draining into the sea, causing backwater flooding.
Flooding is the most frequent and widespread natural hazard in the Philippines, affecting millions of Filipinos every year during the wet season (June–November).
Tropical Storm Ondoy (Ketsana), 2009 — Dumped a month's worth of rain in 6 hours over Metro Manila, submerging entire neighborhoods.
Oriental Mindoro's river systems, including those draining into Bulalacao, are susceptible to flash flooding during heavy rainfall events.
The return period selector above lets you compare flood scenarios: a 5-year event (20% annual chance), 25-year (4%), and 100-year (1%).
Know if your area is flood-prone — check this hazard map and your barangay DRRM plan.
Prepare an emergency kit: water, canned food, medicines, flashlight, batteries, important documents in waterproof bags.
Clear gutters, drains, and waterways around your property.
Elevate electrical appliances and valuables above expected flood levels.
Identify your nearest evacuation center and plan multiple routes.
Evacuate immediately if water is rising — do NOT wait for instructions.
Never walk, swim, or drive through floodwater. Just 15 cm of fast-moving water can knock you down.
Move to the highest point of your house if trapped. Signal for help from the roof.
Stay away from rivers, streams, and drainage channels.
Disconnect electrical appliances. Do not touch electrical equipment if standing in water.
Return home only when authorities declare it safe.
Boil drinking water or use bottled water — floodwater contaminates wells and pipes.
Disinfect everything that got wet. Throw out food that contacted floodwater.
Watch for weakened roads, bridges, and structures.
Report damage and blocked waterways to your barangay or MDRRMO.
Oriental Mindoro • DOST-NOAH Flood Hazard Map
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